Nigeri A Long, Complicated And Tragic History - 1703 Words

Nigeria is known for having a long, complicated and tragic history. Since achieving independence in 1960, Nigeria has struggled to stabilize its government. Nigeria’s history is studded with military coups and corruption. The rule of numerous coups, which have occurred relatively close together over a span of about twenty nine years, make it extremely difficult for a stable form of democratic government to be created. Instead of a true democracy, Nigeria suffers under a kleptocratic government. Nigeria’s corrupt form of government consistently takes from its people for their own reward. Another factor of government instability, is that Nigeria is a state comprised without regard to the nations within its borders. The people of Nigeria†¦show more content†¦The police force are supposed to be the vision of protection and justice for the citizens of Nigeria, but instead they are some of the people most feared and criminal. Godwin Ekpo was a Nigeria citizen who was shot through the jaw when he refused to pay a police officer a day’s wages in a bribe, â€Å"all of a sudden, I heard a gunshot twice. And†¦I went down, holding my jaw†¦and the blood was just gushing out† (â€Å"How†). This is a gruesome example of the severity of corruption in the everyday life of the locals in Nigeria. Corruption has reached even the ‘protectors’, and innocent people are targeted for not giving into the thievery. In Godwin Ekpo’s case, he was asked for just a day’s wages, however, when officers request bribes of greater amounts, escaping the grasp of an ever-growing and persistent poverty looks to be impossible. Another aspect of the local and ‘everyday’ corruption is when people seek out justice against the corruption of the government, investigations can be haulted or even over turned. In a PBS video article, Kemi Okenyodo stated â€Å"the low-level corruption makes it worse, when you come in contact with police officers, when you go and report a case, and a case can easily be turned against the person that has come to report† (â€Å"How†). There truly is no justice for the people of Nigeria in their law enforcement or in their government in charge of it all. Corruption

Strategic Management Acquisitions and Strategic Alliances

Question: Describe about the Strategic Management for Acquisitions and Strategic Alliances. Answer: Introduction: Oil is an important factor for the energy sector. The fall in the price of oil will create a lower level of profit and spending for the projects. The energy companies they try to maintain a balance. The effect is not only on the energy industry but consequently on the other industries as well. The drop in the oil price was quite huge. The price of a barrel was 100 dollar per barrel for West Texas Intermediate (WTI) during first 8months of 2014 and it was 50 dollar a barrel in the month of March 2015. This fall in the price of oil and natural gas means there lower usage of the drilling rigs in the US. The number declined from 980 in the last quarter to of 2014 to 954 in the mid April 2015 ( Lv and Spigarelli 2015). The number is likely to decline as the number the rigs are stacked in 2015 once the drilling commitment is completed. This is the reason why the oil producing countries has reduced their expenditure in the planned explorations (Hess and Siegwart 2013). The price of the hydr ocarbon could cause a negative inflationary impact which could be increase the level of consumer spending but the overall effect on the economy is quite depression. To restore a strong position, Merger and Acquisition in the energy sector is common. Explanation of the merger and acquisition deal in the energy sector during 2014-2016 through academic model: There is a huge shift in the oil industry with the fall in the price of oil as this would be effecting Mergers and Acquisitions and buying and selling of the Assets. In the Middle East the question is mainly focused on the two perspective i.e. the international diversification strategies and making long-term regional investment. Some issues need to be focused upon during the falling oil price when they oil sector of Middle East they deliver on their ambition. The need for the efficiency of capital would rise with the perpetual fall in the oil price. PwC reiterated it during a survey in the 2014 that despite the fall in the oil prices, there will be arise in the spending on the projects as the sector has a long-term strategic importance to the national companies and the government. The survey revealed that from the three quarters of respondents from the contractors, developers, financers and advisors spending on the project are likely to rise in the next 12 months (Hansen, Foldmand Ha nsen 2014). The price of oil has dropped quite significantly since the survey, there would not be change in the project plans as this sector holds fundamental importance to the governments of the region, which generates revenue and employment. Examples: The mergers and acquisition in the energy sector is generated in terms of the deals and value that is transacted in comparison to similar periods a year ago. The falling prices of the product in the upstream sector which caused transaction which is smaller. In the US, the acquisition by Noble, WPX, Exxon and Vangard has been made in the Shale plays. Sequa in Norway and Vedanta in India and interest by BP in the Siberian Project made the international purchases. There were more differences noticed in the number of deals and value of the deals reported. The Cameron acquisition announced by Schlumberger helped in service sector merger and acquisition activities (Serdar Dinc and Erel 2013). The eyes catching deals with the fall in the oil prices was takeover by Royal Dutch Shells of BG Group for an amount of 47 billion pounds. This a one off transaction as the deals of upstream has moved towards assets. There has been a rise in the mergers and acquisition activities in the renewable as t here is a demand for the predictable and rise in the yield companies. Sun Edison who sponsors the two US yield companies are TerraForm Global and TerraForm Power was the leader in the acquisition and of the portfolios from Vivint Solar, Globaleq Mesoamerica Energy, Renova Energis , Atlantic Power and Firstwind (Ptri et al. 2014). The two major gas utility acquisition in the US was the acquisition of Black Hills of Source Gas which operate regulated natural gas utilities and Southern Companies acquisition of AGL Resources. The momentum with respect to the mergers and acquisition are gained during the downturn when the buyers they wait for the price to be lowered and sellers they wait for increase. Academic Model explaining the internal and external factors of Merger and Acquisition: The internal and the external factors that tend to affect the mergers and acquisition in the energy sector is through the SWOT analysis. Through the SWOT analysis, there would be proper analysis of the internal factors i.e. the strengths and the weakness and external factors like the opportunities and the threats. Internal factors: Strength and Weakness: Economies of scale: The main motive behind the merger and acquisition is the Economies of scale. Some synergies are gained from the takeovers. The merger planners they tend to cite the economies of scale as the main operating synergies. There are more benefits that is derived from the economies of scale. The small firms of the energy sector would be engaging in the merger and acquisition activities rather than the large firms so that they are able to enjoy lower cost Financing Issues: Historically it has been noticed that cash most commonly makes the acquisition. This trend has decreased and financing is done partially through cash. Theory has is that the managers with a greater amount of cash flow are trying for value destroying mergers. The managers with few opportunities of investment will be using the cash flow in the unprofitable projects. It has been noticed that the extra amount of cash that is held by the European energy companies will be used in MA to detriment long-term investment in the generation and the exploration activities (Fich, Nguyen and Officer 2015). Unlike that is predicted by the theory of the free cash flow , firms with even a higher degree of cash flow might also not engage in the Merger and Acquisition activities. External Factors: Opportunities and Threats Excess Capacity: This industry level characteristics help in driving the merger activities. When the firms they face a gap in capacity of production then there will reduction in the efficiency of the asset and so there is a fall in the return on the capital that is invested. For performing the merger and acquisition activities, the firms with excess capacity they look for consolidated resources so that the issues are resolved (Kolk, Lindeque, and Buuse 2013). There are probability-based models, which will help in understanding whether the firms they engage in MA or not as per the pre characteristics of merger. When the merger is motivated by the excess capacity then this is a source of economies of scale. Corporate Focus: This a subject quite relevant to the merger and acquisition activities. The researcher they look out for the effect of a merger. The nature of competition tends to vary which would vary the strategic focus (Dess 2012). This type of a strategy in the energy industry is called the inter industry Merger and Acquisition when converge is mainly between the electric and the gas companies. The vertical and horizontal mergers show insignificant changes. Market for corporate control: Through corporate control we mean the rights in the determination of the corporate resources The takeover market is a effective for of disciplinary method for the management of the share holder value and the poorly managed resources are transferred to the efficiently run corporations. There would be higher Tobins q for MA as acquirers. The low level of Tobins q of the firms will be prone to the targets (Hill and Jones 2012). Deregulation: Deregulation is a sort of industry shock, which results due to the industry consolidation. The industry shock is helps in creating the mergers. There is a change in the industry when there is modification in the structure of the industry (Lasserre 2012). Deregulation s a important factor that drives mergers and acquisitions. Challenges and the Benefits of Mergers and Acquisition in the Energy sector through the academic model: With the implementation of the strategy of Merger and Acquisition, there have been both benefits and challenges faced by the Energy sector. The firms in the United States practice this very popular strategy for many years. The energy sector is a common sector as there is uncertainty in the competitive environment. This type of a strategy will help the energy sector to achieve growth. The main motive is to increase the value of the firms and this would help in providing more than average returns and strategic competitiveness (Lynch 2012) The term merger and acquisition is used synonymously but these are not similar. Merger is when the two firms they integrate operation on co equal basis. Benefits of Acquisition: There are a number of reason as to why there are acquisitions in the market of Energy due to the falling price of oil. The big firms they acquire so that they are able to increase their market power and can sell the good at the competitive rate and when the cost of the activities are lower than that of the competitors (Pitt and Koufopoulos 2012). The energy firms they gather their market power. The acquisition would be involving buying the distributor, business, supplier and competitors. This will help in increasing the power of the firms in the market. With acquisition, there would not be any type of entry barriers in the market (Sick et al. 2015). There is new market with the geographic diversity The firms they are able to access new products in the market. This is type of collaboration offers lower type of risk than that of developing a newer type of product. The internal development has a very higher failure rate. The diversification would be occurring when there is entry into th e new market with the new products. It is very difficult to distinguish the current market lines when there is no experience by the firm. Acquisitions can be successful when it is more related. Through acquisition, the competitive scope is going to increase with the dependency by the firms. It is feasible that the acquiring companies with related capabilities build their base of knowledge. Challenges of Acquisition: Researchers have shown that not all the type of acquisition is successful. There is a greater level of integration difficulty. The most important thing is the shareholder value creation (Kamiski 2014). There is differences in the systems of control, work, financial and culture. The status of the firms that acquires the energy plant has to face a difficult times. The targets are no evaluated adequately. There potential firm evaluated the target firm for acquisition. This might also lead the company to offer higher rate of premium for the company that is targeted. When the risky type of acquisition is financed through the debts this will help in creating more returns to the moneylender. Debt is not at all good for the firms as this would increase the bankruptcy, this might lower the credit rating of the firm (Shimizu 2012). Other types of investments help in long-term success of the energy firm. There is no synergy achieved that means the value created exceeds the value of the units that work independently. Synergy can be achieved when the firms assets are complementary in nature. This will be imitating the competitive advantage. There is a huge possibility of the firm to underestimate the costs and over estimate the synergy (Nisar, Ruiz and Palacios 2013). Private synergy would be occurring in the integration and combination of the firms that acquire the asset and for the development of the core competencies. Private synergy is quite difficult. Diversifications by the energy-producing firms are likely having lower performance results. There is a need for more amount of information for greater type of diversity. Figure: Acquisition Strategy Framework (Model) (Source: Holburn and Vanden Bergh 2014) Some steps through are followed for acquisition process. The above model represents the five stages of the acquisition process. In the first stage there is early growth, where the product is innovated, then there is rapid growth which involves development of the standards. The next phase is the process innovation, which involves external value proposition. The second last stage is the stability and then the last stage involves innovation or decline (Raimbault and Barr 2012). Benefits of Merger: Merger is likely to occur when the firms they come together as one. The firms they would be having a large market share and lower level of competition. When there are merger the firms, they enjoy large economies of scale in the market. This will help in lowering the average cost and lower the price offered to the customers. Figure: Lower levels of Cost (Source: Yoo, Lee and Heo 2013) Merger will help in competing in the international market and also helps in posing threat to the competitors. The firms making a merger will have more profit so this is financed in the risky investment. This would help in maintaining better quality of the goods. This is true for the energy sector as there is a need for huge amount of investment. There would be greater amount of efficiency with the elimination of the redundancies. Mergers are a way of safeguarding the companies from closing. Firms who are struggling to stay afloat thinks that mergers are a convenient option. With the merger there is greater sharing of knowledge by both the industries. Challenges of Merger: Just like the innumerable type of benefits from the merger there are also some challenges that is faced by the firms. There are legal issues that are faced by the firms. Legal factors needs to be considered prior to merger as this might created a large penalty on the merger firm. Mergers happen across the world. Difference in the culture that firm has to face along with upheavals in the business operations. The outcome of the merger is threatened by the differences in the cultures. It would be difficult for the firms to coordinate the workers (Cartwright and Cooper 2012). The problem of integration is quite significant. The resources and the efforts of the company, combined through all the type of resources together in the organization. The planning of integration is related to the cultural issues this is directly related to the process of planning. Conclusion: Thus, energy sector is going to survive the perpetual fall in the oil prices during 2014-2016 due to the acquisitions and the mergers. This would help in gaining access to the newer type of market, facilitates effective Research and development in the system and efficient running of the organizations. The small firms due lack of finances try to merge and collaborate with the other firms so that they are able to overcome the difficulties of lower oil prices. It has been seen that there is going to be investments made in the projects irrespective of the falling oil price in the national interest. References: Cartwright, S. and Cooper, C.L., 2012.Managing Mergers Acquisitions and Strategic Alliances. Routledge. Dess, G. (2012).Strategic management. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Fich, E.M., Nguyen, T. and Officer, M.S., 2015, March. Large wealth creation in mergers and acquisitions. InAFA 2013 San Diego Meetings Paper. Hansen, U.E., Fold, N. and Hansen, T., 2014. Upgrading to lead firm position via international acquisition: learning from the global biomass power plant industry.Journal of Economic Geography, p.lbu050. Hess, S. and Siegwart, R.Y., 2013. RD Venture: proposition of a technology transfer concept for breakthrough technologies with RD cooperation: A case study in the energy sector.The Journal of Technology Transfer,38(2), pp.153-179. Hill, C. and Jones, G. (2012).Strategic management essentials. [Mason, Ohio]: South-Western. Holburn, G.L. and Vanden Bergh, R.G., 2014. Integrated market and nonmarket strategies: Political campaign contributions around merger and acquisition events in the energy sector.Strategic Management Journal,35(3), pp.450-460. Kamiski, J., 2014. A blocked takeover in the Polish power sector: A model-based analysis.Energy Policy,66, pp.42-52. Kolk, A., Lindeque, J. and Buuse, D.V.D., 2013. Regionalization strategies of EU electric utilities.British Journal of Management. Lasserre, P. (2012).Global strategic management. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Lv, P. and Spigarelli, F., 2015. The integration of Chinese and European renewable energy markets: The role of Chinese foreign direct investments.Energy policy,81, pp.14-26. Lynch, R. (2012).Strategic management. Harlow, England: Pearson. Nisar, A., Ruiz, F. and Palacios, M., 2013. Organisational learning, strategic rigidity and technology adoption: Implications for electric utilities and renewable energy firms.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,22, pp.438-445. Ptri, S., Arminen, H., Tuppura, A. and Jantunen, A., 2014. Competitive and responsible? The relationship between corporate social and financial performance in the energy sector.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,37, pp.142-154. Pitt, M. and Koufopoulos, D. (2012).Essentials of strategic management. London: SAGE. Raimbault, C. and Barr, A. (2012).Emerging risks. Farnham, Surrey: Gower. Serdar Dinc, I. and Erel, I., 2013. Economic nationalism in mergers and acquisitions.The Journal of Finance,68(6), pp.2471-2514. Shimizu, K. (2012).The cores of strategic management. New York: Routledge. Sick, N., Preschitschek, N., Brring, S. and Leker, J., 2015, August. Market convergence in the field of stationary energy storage systems. In2015 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET)(pp. 571-584). IEEE. Yoo, K., Lee, Y. and Heo, E., 2013. Economic effects by merger and acquisition types in the renewable energy sector: An event study approach.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,26, pp.694-701.

Details of All about Me Essay Samples

Details of All about Me Essay Samples Just open our English essay example and discover out what's written in an essay and the way that it is written. If you are in need of a well-crafted essay, then you can count on us to deliver. You don't have to worry because we're here to assist you in writing an academic essay. Before you commence writing your college essay, you might need to see the essay examplesA that we've listed for you, so that you can have more idea on what things to put in the college essay you will create. You'll have all you need to make an outstanding essay! The principal issue to be cautious about in personal descriptive essay is that there shouldn't be any over-exaggeration. Now you know the definition of an essay, it's now time for you know the sorts of essays. 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For a beginning, the usual application essay topics need you to use language that's totally free from language flaws and grammatical mistakes. Possibly the very best definition to describe what an essay is that it's a literary or written work by someone about a certain subject or argument. The thing you ought to do as a way to structure an argumentative essay is to set a claim that's debatable. It is a type of thesis or composition where you have to present your view and attempt to convince others that your facts and arguments are correct. The Honest to Goodness Truth on All about Me Essay Samples Simply take a peek at our absolutely free essay samples and you'll find out that we aren't exaggerating. You may use narrative essay examples high school to find out more. To compose your essay, here's every step you will need to take. Now you understand how to compose the ideal process essay.

Does Hot Topic Do Paper Application For Employees?

Does Hot Topic Do Paper Application For Employees?Does Hot Topic does paper application for employees? The truth is it can help with many aspects of employment, but the truth is that the easiest way to ensure that you have an awesome team of employees is to let them know why they are valuable to your company and that you value their contributions.This doesn't mean, however, that you need to spend a fortune or put a lot of time into business development when it comes to recruitment. In fact, you can get started for very little cost and have an incredible amount of success in terms of retaining a new team.The reason Hot Topic does paper application for employees is because they are able to approach candidates directly and not outsource it. So you can think of this as their general approach to managing the recruitment process, except that instead of calling or e-mailing candidates to see if they're interested in a job at your company, you're going to contact them directly to make sure t hey're the right person for your company.The other key to Hot Topic's approach is that they are looking for candidates who are eager to make the move to your company. This means that they are looking for people who are passionate about what they do, so that they'll be dedicated to helping your business succeed. And at the end of the day, when you tell them you value their skills and interests, you're telling them that you really want to work with them.You won't even need to send them any resumes and you won't need to do any cold calling, which means that you won't need to spend a lot of money to make sure that you have an amazing team on your payroll. Just remember that the more they learn about your company and about what you have to offer, the better they'll feel about it and the more willing they'll be to hire more people.It might take some time to get into the system with Hot Topic, but when you do, they will start to grow and you will enjoy the results. The key is to make sure that you keep them up to date on all of the great news about your company and your business. When they hear that you are increasing your sales, they'll be excited to welcome new employees to your team.Using Hot Topic as a form of paper application for employees works well because it allows you to get people to understand what it's like to work for your company. Instead of just doing the cold calling and sending them off to the local recruiting agency, you'll be focusing on real face-to-face conversations with people that will end up having an impact on the rest of their lives. And when you know that you're doing things that are going to help your business and bring in new members to your team, then you'll know that you've got the perfect approach for managing the recruitment process.

Admissions Essay - Custom Writing

Admissions Essay - Custom WritingAdmission essays are written for academic purposes for all students who apply for a specific program or entrance exam. It is mandatory for those who want to get admission to their desired programs. This kind of essay can be categorized into three basic types: undergraduate, graduate and professional.In the undergraduate level, admissions essays can be in the form of letters of recommendation to show the possible candidates who will be looking for a college that would best fit them. This usually takes place when the student was not planning to enter a college at the time. Admissions essay writing for other undergraduate level will mainly concentrate on personal stories, and their achievements.On the other hand, the essay on the professional level usually starts with an introduction. It does not have any references to a specific university or college, but it is something that shows how the applicant himself/herself is a relevant candidate for the job. I t is usually done when the applicant is a graduate. Usually there is a list of five-six requirements, and then a personal statement is followed by a case study.On the professional level, many colleges and universities require admissions essays as a part of application procedures. It is usually used for all those who are also pursuing master's degrees.Essays on the other hand, can be highly customized for an individual's specific writing style. The point to consider here is that, one should really think about which type of essay would fit best. Some students may already have already planned this into their decisions, but the problem here is that these are usually all personalized depending on the course of study, profession and the applicant's personal background.Sometimes, these essays are usually completed by the applicant himself and can be handed in to the school directly, but often times, they are submitted via the mail. So if this is done, it would be better to prepare a good e ssay based on one's own personality, as opposed to having a professional custom written one.As you can see, these essays are vital in determining one's application for the program of his choice. If one has submitted a bad one, he or she may still get a chance to get into the school, but might also face a big loss of potential.

College Essay Samples - How to Use Them to Write Your Best Essay

College Essay Samples - How to Use Them to Write Your Best EssayAs you are looking for the best university essays for college classes, it is always good to know what are the best and easiest essays that you can write to prove yourself as a writer. To do so, you can get some UC Berkeley essay samples that will really help you with your writing.Even though these university essay samples are not always easy to write, they can still prove to be useful if you know how to get to a particular point in your paper. The key in writing any sort of essay is to have all the information that is necessary to make it informative. If you don't have it, you can easily look up the information you need on the internet and find it within a short time.UC Berkeley essay samples can really help you in doing this and if you read through them carefully, you will know where to go. You can use your own imagination and write an essay based on what you find. This is also known as using your creativity and the top ic of your essay. If you want to use your creativity and put forth what you believe is the most important part of your subject, then do this.It might not be your major or even the part of your college education, but you can certainly include aspects of your campus life in your paper. Since you are an adult, you are now responsible for what you write and how you present your views and thoughts to the reader.Writing a paper is also a form of debate. You should always try to have a debate with the reader. This should not only include discussing important points and issues in your essay, but it should also include taking the opinions of the reader into consideration. You should make the readers understand why they should respect you.It might sound difficult, but after reading some of the best college essays, you will surely understand how to make this happen. This is not about taking the opinions of the readers and making them respect you as a person, but it is more about making your re aders see why they should accept what you say.Whether you decide to use college essays samples or not, you can do so. However, you must not write anything that is not true.

The White Tiger by Aravind Adiga Essay Example

The White Tiger by Aravind Adiga Paper In society, the standard for success is extremely high and sometimes overwhelming. Everyone has the same goals, but not everyone has the means or the opportunity to reach them. In high school, specifically, times are hard. Students are treated like kids but expected to make adult decisions about their lives. To most people, including myself, being successful is having money and power. But being successful is being happy. That’s because most young people are not happy with the stress and pressure put on them by adults to be successful. Success should not be defined by an admission to college or by numbers, it should be defined by whether the person really gained something of value. Society’s standards for success are illustrated through many different platforms such as literature, movies, and everyday interactions. In some parts of the world, the idea of success is only fantasy because the system instills that the poor will always be poor and the rich will get richer. Balram, from Aravind Adiga’s The White Tiger, describes the government system in India as â€Å"a . Joke† because of the strict caste system. He was born into a poor family in a town that was nicknamed, â€Å"the darkness of India,† where he was surrounded by people who truly believes that they will never amount to anything. Most people in his hometown have only one standard of success: money. Balram is different because getting out of â€Å"the darkness† is what he considers successful. He celebrates wearing a uniform, rather than his old, raggedy clothes, and having a bed to sleep in, rather than sleeping on the streets. Although his uniform is old, and his bed is bug infested and dirty, he remains grateful. Balram knows that the only way he can move up in his society is to do something drastic, like killing his employer. It is evident that everyone is not granted the same opportunities simply because of where they live, or their ethnicity. For many years, America’ We will write a custom essay sample on The White Tiger by Aravind Adiga specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The White Tiger by Aravind Adiga specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The White Tiger by Aravind Adiga specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer